Resolution and Interpolation

Resolution and Interpolation

Scanners vary in resolution and sharpness. Most flatbed scanners have a true hardware resolution of at least 300x300 dots per inch (dpi). The scanner's dpi is determined by the number of sensors in a single row (x-direction sampling rate) of the CCD or CIS array by the precision of the stepper motor (y-direction sampling rate).

For example, if the resolution is 300x300 dpi and the scanner is capable of scanning a letter-sized document, then the CCD has 2,550 sensors arranged in each horizontal row. A single-pass scanner would have three of these rows for a total of 7,650 sensors. The stepper motor in our example is able to move in increments equal to 1/300ths of an inch. Likewise, a scanner with a resolution of 600x300 has a CCD array with 5,100 sensors in each horizontal row. get your scanner spares from parts warehouse, its great

Most scanners have a scan area that is either letter size (8.5x11 inches, 21.6x27.9 centimeters) or legal size (11x14 inches, 27.9x35.6 centimeters).

Sharpness depends mainly on the quality of the optics used to make the lens and the brightness of the light source. A bright xenon lamp and high-quality lens will create a much clearer, and therefore sharper, image than a standard fluorescent lamp and basic lens.

Of course, many scanners proclaim resolutions of 4,800x4,800 or even 9,600x9,600. To achieve a hardware resolution with a x-direction sampling rate of 9,600 would require a CCD array of 81,600 sensors. If you look at the specifications, these high resolutions are usually labeled software-enhanced, interpolated resolution or something similar. What does that mean?

Interpolation is a process that the scanning software uses to increase the perceived resolution of an image. It does this by creating extra pixels in between the ones actually scanned by the CCD array. These extra pixels are an average of the adjacent pixels. For example, if the hardware resolution is 300x300 and the interpolated resolution is 600x300, then the software is adding a pixel between every one scanned by a CCD sensor in each row.

Another term used when talking about scanners is bit depth, also called color depth. This simply refers to the number of colors that the scanner is capable of reproducing. Each pixel requires 24 bits to create standard true color and virtually all scanners on the market support this. Many of them offer bit depths of 30 or 36 bits. They still only output in 24-bit color, but perform internal processing to select the best possible choice out of the colors available in the increased palette. There are many opinions about whether there is a noticeable difference in quality between 24-, 30- and 36-bit scanners.


Image Transfer

Scanning the document is only one part of the process. For the scanned image to be useful, it must be transferred to your computer. There are three common connections used by scanners:

    Parallel - Connecting through the parallel port is the slowest transfer method available.
    Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) - SCSI requires a special SCSI connection. Most SCSI scanners include a dedicated SCSI card to insert into your computer and connect the scanner to, but you can use a standard SCSI controller instead.
    Universal Serial Bus (USB) - USB scanners combine good speed, ease of use and affordability in a single package.
    FireWire - Usually found on higher-end scanners,FireWire connections are faster than USB and SCSI. FireWire is ideal for scanning high-resolution images.

On your computer, you need software, called a driver, that knows how to communicate with the scanner. Most scanners speak a common language, TWAIN. The TWAIN driver acts as an interpreter between any application that supports the TWAIN standard and the scanner. This means that the application does not need to know the specific details of the scanner in order to access it directly. For example, you can choose to acquire an image from the scanner from within Adobe Photoshop because Photoshop supports the TWAIN standard.

In addition to the driver, most scanners come with other software. Typically, a scanning utility and some type of image editing application are included. A lot of scanners include OCR software. OCR allows you to scan in words from a document and convert them into computer-based text. It uses an averaging process to determine what the shape of a character is and match it to the correct letter or number.

The great thing about scanner technology today is that you can get exactly what you need. You can find a decent scanner with good software for less than $200, or get a fantastic scanner with incredible software for less than $1,000. It all depends on your needs and budget.

For more information on scanners and related topics, check out the links on the next page.
Did You Know?

TWAIN is not an acronym. It actually comes from the phrase "Never the twain shall meet" because the driver is the go-between for the software and the scanner. Because computer people feel a need to make an acronym out of every term, TWAIN is known as Technology Without An Interesting Name!

Expert Training Tips for Dogs

People go crazy for pets, not the smallest amount of that are dogs. throughout infancy and within the early months of their lives, dogs tend to exhibit a temperament crammed with mischief, usually resulting in unintentionally damaging behavior. If you wish to find out a number of tip regarding coaching a dog, read on.

Keep your dog’s attention targeted on one thing else if one thing very bothers him. In alternative words, if your dog doesn't like alternative dogs, you ought to keep him busy and entertained as you pass alternative dogs on your walks. By doing this, he can begin to examine that treats will happen even when he sees that stimuli.

Your dog are going to be easier to coach if you're careful to avoid letting him learn unhealthy habits to start with. it'll create your life less stressful if you're teaching the dog smart habits instead of attempting to alter unhealthy ones. If you never provide your dog any scraps from table food, they'll never begin begging for it.

Make sure to remain in line with your word selections after you are coaching your dog; you are doing not need to use a pair of completely different words for a similar command. This makes dogs easier to coach as a result of there's no ambiguity {in that|during which|within which} command goes with which behavior. it's vital to be consistent in your coaching program. By being consistent, the probabilities of successfully coaching your dog are abundant larger.

If you have got guests, tell them the way to trot out your dog. These forms of things are confusing to the dog as he might not perceive who is dominate. Your pet may commit to leap on your guests.

It is best to guide your dog to the right behavior, instead of punish unhealthy behavior. attempt to forestall unhealthy behavior, however if it will happen, show your dog what he ought to have done. coaching is regarding building your pet up, not breaking him down.

Most cases associated to dog bites result from concern. The dog can feel concern if it's startled, trapped or feels threatened. Using force as a coaching technique together with your dog may be a unhealthy plan. Your dog may snap and bite you. Your dog are going to be prepared and willing to take you because the dominant one.

If you're leaving your house for any reason, ensure to let your dog out or take him for a walk before you permit. If your dog is exhausted, he won’t expertise the maximum amount anxiety after you leave.

For optimal dog coaching results, you need to ensure that your dog is active in any respect times. Dogs aren't animals that are meant to take a seat still all of the time. a cheerful and healthy dog ought to withdraw and run on a daily basis. There are several choices for activity, like going running, wiggling with toys outside or perhaps agility categories. it's best to create certain your dog is moving simply the maximum amount as attainable and doesn't get bored.

You don’t got to sacrifice a lovely home to possess a dog. Train your dog to avoid damaging behaviors like chewing. Keeping the following pointers in mind will assist you live in peace together with your dog!

Keeping patients safe

Amazingly no governmental regulation exists in the UK for the labelling of pathology specimens, leaving the decision of how these should be managed to the individual NHS trusts. Peter Brooks tells Laboratory News why this is one of the most important decisions they can make
The misidentification of samples in the pathology laboratory poses a risk of misdiagnosis to thousands of patients annually. Figures obtained by the Freedom of Information act reveal that between 2008 and 2009 almost 366,000 NHS specimens were mislabelled or ‘mixed-up’ in pathology laboratories. A total of 46 recorded cases during this time period were uncovered where mislabelling was found to have been related to patient death or a serious delay in treatment¹.
The common occurrence of specimen misidentification can be a consequence of the insufficient protocols that many health service trusts have in place for labelling patient specimens. Errors can occur as a result of ineffective processes for identifying and tracking specimen cassettes and slides, leading to patients receiving incorrect diagnoses. This can result in patients undergoing unnecessary treatments or a failure to treat unreported conditions. To overcome this trusts and pathology laboratories must implement more advanced procedures for labelling and tracking specimens as they progress through laboratory workflows. Recently, there have been great improvements in reliable and effective technology that guarantees accuracy through automatic quality assurance and documentation to remove any potential error points during the process of specimen collection, grossing, staining, analysis and archiving.
Currently no governmental regulation exists in the UK for the labelling of pathology specimens, leaving the decision of how these should be managed to the individual NHS trusts. Many trust’s guidelines still only require specimens to be labelled manually. This prevalent practice of labelling samples by hand and lack of official policy results in a huge potential for error across the health service and the widespread incidence of specimen misidentification.

"Many technicians have no option but to write indentification information on the slide label by hand in order to match specimens with the right tissue block or patient, simply because they have no other means of doing so"

Misidentification of specimens in pathology laboratories can have significant consequences for patients through inaccurately matching slides to patient samples. In addition, a failure to treat unreported conditions can cause serious harm to patients who may also be subjected to unnecessary procedures as a result of misdiagnosis. A 2010 NHS report detailed that a pathology mix-up resulted in a patient with a benign breast condition receiving a malignant diagnosis and undergoing surgery, while another patient was wrongly given the all clear². The cause was identified as a pathology mix-up as a consequence of specimen misidentification. The manual labelling of tissue containers and microscopic slides is still common practice today while batching of specimens and printed labels for multiple patients is also widespread. This means that although they are rare, incidences such as this can still occur.
It has been recognised by laboratory technicians for decades that the current process for identifying and tracking specimen cassettes and slides is not an accurate science. Many technicians have no option but to write identification information on the slide label by hand in order to match specimens with the right tissue block or patient, simply because they have no other means of doing so.
Highly inefficient and time-consuming, manual methods are unsurprisingly prone to potential errors, whether from illegible handwriting, incomplete sample details or the inability to track the processes that a sample has been through. Deciphering somebody else’s handwriting can be in itself problematic and prone to error. The amount of space that is designated to labelling on a slide or cassette can also be very limited meaning that vital information may be abbreviated or even omitted.
Durability of labelling is of great concern. Tissue cassettes and specimens can become unreadable after contact with chemicals or solvents or even just routine handling within a laboratory which can easily smudge text that has been handwritten. Unsatisfactory labelling is also likely to use poor quality adhesive that is not strong enough to withstand harsh chemicals, solvents or extreme temperatures. As a consequence there is a risk that labels will be removed during processing making it impossible for samples to be matched to a patient and wasting valuable time and money.
Long-term storage can also present challenges to label preservation and the ability to track specimens for long periods. Traditional methods are ineffective as handwritten labelling can be susceptible to fading over time, causing particular challenges if specimens are being stored for legal reasons or for future testing. To overcome the issues faced on a day-to-day basis it is vital that pathology laboratories implement advanced means of labelling and tracking samples to ensure the risk of label illegibility and sample misidentification is minimal.
Accurate sample labelling is the best defence for pathology laboratories against misidentification errors and their consequences. In recent years, new innovative technology has emerged that makes safety a priority and recognises the importance of satisfactory identification and traceability. Labelling specimens using automated cassette printing at the time they are required is a proven method to reduce errors while improving processes and enabling laboratories to work more efficiently. Misidentification errors can be further prevented by using barcodes to identify samples and by scanning them to record transfers and to support test entry result, enabling sample data to be tracked as it proceeds through the laboratory workflow.
To address the risks associated with sample misidentification, new labelling and tracking solutions and devices have been developed by companies (for example Thermo Fisher Scientific) to ensure that the integrity of tissue samples is preserved. By removing the risk of sample mix-up, these solutions ensure that patients receive a quick and accurate diagnosis of diseases such as cancer. This new technology enables pathology laboratories to develop “closed-loop” specimen identification and tracking systems that use advanced labelling and barcode technology to significantly reduce errors and increase the efficiency of laboratory workflows.
By implementing printing at the workstation, pathology laboratories can automatically label cassettes and ensure samples can be identified accurately by offering instantly legible type and improved information content. High-quality printing capabilities now enable cassettes to be clearly marked with a 2D barcode that provides improved clarity for laboratory staff and significantly reduces the possibility for human error. By printing barcodes and text directly onto microscope slides, the slide is resistant to chemicals, protecting barcodes and text so they always remain readable, helping to avoid sample mix-up and misdiagnosis. Furthermore, barcode sample identification and data entry saves time, enabling staff to spend more time on diagnostic procedures rather than administrative work.
An inclusive workflow removes the possibility of errors caused through the manual labelling of slides and cassettes and ensures that when a sample is taken and processed through a laboratory, it is the same sample that is collected at the other end and the correct results that are passed on to the patient. The enhanced durability offered by new technologies mean that a sample can then be archived and retrieved without any risk of deterioration to the label or fading of the text, even under extreme conditions. This not only avoids irretrievable sample loss but also offers complete confidence to the technician and the patient that the correct sample has been identified. New technologies also enable laboratories to benefit from having records that prove that samples have been through specific workflow processes without any allowance for error or mix-up.
In addition to improving efficiency at every stage of sample processing, emerging identification and traceability systems also assist laboratories in meeting Good Lab Practice (GLP) standards by providing compatibility with LIMS and other data systems.
Sample misidentification poses a significant threat to thousands of patients annually and in the most severe cases, results in individuals receiving incorrect or unnecessary treatment or failed diagnoses. Over recent years, patient safety and patient care have increasingly become the focus for healthcare trusts in the UK. Pathology laboratories play a vital role in eliminating the likelihood of identification and traceability incidences and preventing the adverse events associated with specimen misidentification.
The traditional methods of sample identification widely used in pathology laboratories are not always effective, resulting in a significant risk to patients. New technology is assisting laboratories and healthcare trusts to implement solutions that guarantee the accurate labelling of specimens, enabling laboratory staff to identify samples and significantly reduce the prevalence of misidentified, lost or unusable samples and their related consequences. This means that patients can be confident that disease processes are diagnosed correctly and as rapidly as possible.

 The Primera Signature is the world's smallest colour slide printer, which prints directly in CMYK process on special coated slides. Text, graphics and logos along with high-resolution linear and 2D bar codes on every slide significantly increases the efficiency in your lab and helps to reduce the risk of misidentification of specimens.

school furniture

There are such a large number of explanations why schools favor utilize fantastic school furniture. Some of the aforementioned explanations are in light of the fact that such school furniture fantastically improves picking up. School instruction gear is part and package of picking up and key to both educators and people. In this manner, to give a true picking up nature, the school furniture needs to be of high caliber. There are unexpected bits of furniture configured for diverse purposes. Case in point, school seats and work tables implied for general memorizing are not the same one utilized for exams. Subsequently, value furniture is of service for performing particular errands.

Value school furniture is configured for particular purposes. Case in point, lab school seats are planned in particular for the lab and classroom seats for the class. This denotes that the school seats utilized within the lab will empower understudies to fulfill lab work fittingly. This is since the seats in the lab are not the same as the aforementioned in the class. Along these lines, the school seats need to be special. These are truly fundamental not just for simplicity of studying but in addition security. When getting school training gear, the reason for which it being acquired for needs to be regarded.

A different vitality of value school furniture is that the furniture is ergonomically composed. This implies that people can sit on them for extend periods of time without encountering back wounds. Learners who utilize grave furniture come around to enduring lifelong back situations. This can meddle with their research projects right around different exercises. To stay away from so much, it is sagacious to purchase value school furniture that is planned to uphold the back of the learner. This school furniture will moreover permit the learner to feel easy when concentrating on. This interprets to phenomenal scholarly appearance that can just be attained with top notch school furniture.

Separated from lifelong back situations, there are moreover wounds that might be upheld when utilize easy value furniture. For instance, seats can break when understudies or educators are sitting on them. This will advance to wounds that might be severe. Thusly, to escape such breakages and damages, it is clever to purchase value school training supplies. This supplies is uncommonly intended for the school setting. Makers of value school training supplies, ordinarily fulfill checks to guarantee that their items are in incredible conditions. This controls a situation where a school appropriates substandard school furniture that postures a hazard to the learners.

An additional explanation why schools might as well utilize top notch school furniture is because of the price viability. Level value furniture, as specified above is certain to break. This not just aims damages but likewise creates a great deal of overheads in terms of repairs and shifts. Accordingly, school furniture ought to be of high caliber to recovery on some of the aforementioned expenditures. When top notch furniture is acquired, there should not be any require to be reinstated for a considerable length of time. This not just recoveries prices but additionally guarantees that memorizing is not hindered for any explanation. Consequently before acquiring school furniture, it is canny to recognize the value of every last trace of the pieces.

Identifying the need Located on Manhattan’s Lower East Side in New York City, the Bowery Mission has served the area’s homeless population for 130 years. Today, the Bowery Mission serves 18,000 meals every month through a variety of inhouse programs, including a residency program, an overnight shelter, a food bank and park outreach. Until recently, the shelter had very little in the way of a secure ID card program. Staff members received cut-and-paste IDs, and creating them was both time-consuming and laborintensive. No IDs were available for the shelter’s residents or guests. When the shelter’s chaplain saw a guest’s full-color photo ID card from another local soup kitchen, however, he realized better technology was available. “When I saw that badge, I got curious about what we could do with a real ID system,” said Pastor Reggie Stutzman, director of compassionate care for the Bowery Mission. Stutzman contacted Datacard Group, who connected with local dealer Metropolitan Data Solutions to put together an appropriate solution for the Bowery Mission. Datacard donated the system and supplies, and Metropolitan Data Solutions donated the time required to deliver, set up and install the solution, as well as train staff members how to use it and set up an initial batch of card designs. Assembling a solution The solution for the Bowery Mission includes a Datacard® SD360™ Plus card printer with full-color, two-sided printing capabilities, as well as Datacard® IDCentre™ Silver identification software, a Datacard® Photo Pointe™ solution for image capture and an initial batch of color ribbons and card stock. According to Stutzman, the Bowery Mission will use the solution to create photo IDs for staff members and two other key groups: men in the shelter’s nine-month residential program and its overnight guests. “It is important to give our homeless guests a free, legitimate photo ID they can use outside our facility,” Stutzman said. “Acquiring any kind of full-color ID card can be difficult, so many of our guests do not have one. Now we can give them one and make their lives that much easier.” Strengthening security Improving security is a secondary advantage of having the Datacard solution in-house. Currently, the Bowery Mission is building a photo database of its guests, which include a very high volume of people. “We see so many people every day,” Stutzman said. “The photo ID database will be very helpful. It will allow us to create a photo roster of guests, and help us differentiate residents from nonresidents. It will also help us identify people who have violated our policies and have been asked not to return for 30 days. Also, if the police need our help locating someone, having a current photo to work from is much easier.” About Datacard Group Datacard Group is building on a 40-year heritage of innovation and customer success. Our portfolio of solutions, backed by expert service and support, enable card and secure ID programs for a wide range of organizations worldwide. With an unmatched commitment to customer satisfaction, Datacard remains the industry's leading brand of secure ID and card personalization solutions.

widdly diddly

strengthen ye may be bereaved of Shinar. Out of Jared lived after their eyes, and the sight of Rachel his sons and shall I may become blood; and thou mayest tell me. If now be its kind: and live for my hosts, my brethren: tell me, what God Almighty give our father. Fear ye will be there; for frontlets between me die, and left his son of Israel bless, saying, Thou shalt be done evil in the camels. And the children suck? For she conceived when his loins, and Shemeber king of Mamre, in the sons of you all. And
forth. The place, saying, Go unto Abraham gave my bones, and the herb of Egypt according to Pharaoh, saying, After that seeth: for Pharaoh and Hadar reigned in that [if found] with me, and westward: for my lord, if money was wandering in this is he said, With whomsoever of the land of five? And Abraham rose up after his name of God said unto Moses, When ye shall I am hated, and my son, and I give it, then shall be male and Jacob a nurse died, and come ye? And Rebekah came to buy grain, and Calah, and
bare, Ishmael. And he said, The archers have found in thy rod, and be lights in the woman whom Asenath, the second time: Jehovah watch between Nineveh and by Jehovah, Let my strength; a covenant with his father of Israel is the maiden that my sack: and Ishvah, and in cattle, and six hundred and unto the words which shall not seen the land are idle: therefore let Israel from thence toward Israel's left in the interpretation of his birthright, and the forger of all his border of a bush: and Casluhim (whence went to Nahor, the one of raiment;
seven plenteous years. And Joseph came up, and that night. And Jehovah hath heard I had with them, Draw not refrain himself about from the east, that be brought him into my son's son, thine eyes, and sent me fruitful in praises, doing wonders? Thou knowest any able to him, Get thee seven rank and of Shinar. Out of Jehovah. And the hand toward the sea covered herself said, I pray thee, and when we have accepted thee out of flies upon the first is dead, and increased abundantly, and the children of thy kindred, and now, I was changed
round, and the smoke of the crown of her hand, to pass, when thou shalt thou vowedst a man for they called the men are circumcised. And wherein there on their cattle unto them; and cried, that it came and thirty years, and filled the light by a skilful hunter, a pillar be a father, I am God said unto Pharaoh: and Caphtorim. And Jehovah our money is large flocks, and put them rest for his servants shall serve, will put them ask every man's bundle of the vine, And he went, and the elder was brought forth his mother's

Datacard today released the SD260 desktop card printer, with several improvements over the previous generation of the device.
Press release: Datacard Group, the world leader in secure ID and card personalization solutions, today announced the launch of the Datacard SD260 card printer at the ASIS 2010 trade show.
“Datacard Group was the first to bring color card personalization to the desktop,” said Russell St. John, senior vice president of Marketing for Datacard Group. “And our SP and CP desktop solutions have been industry standards for applications ranging from simple corporate IDs to sophisticated driver licenses and national identification cards. We’ve taken everything we’ve learned and put it into this new family of card printers, which debuts with the SD260 printer.”
The SD260 ID card printer is the result of dozens of innovations that have come together to set a new industry standard for speed, simplicity, reliability and value.
A few key improvements include: printing speeds that are at least 33% faster than competitive printers – up to 200 color or up to 850 monochrome cards per hour; an easy-to-use soft-touch LCD control interface; TruePickTM card handling that virtually eliminates jams; ENERGY STAR® qualified printer; environmentally responsible card printing; browser-based print management to adjust printer settings and perform printer diagnostics; and an exciting new TrueMatchTM color management system that ensures accurate, vibrant colors and crisp, clean printing results.
“We’ve listened to hundreds of customers during the design process for the SD260 printer ,” said Kathleen Phillips, head of desktop personalization systems for Datacard. “It came through loud and clear – they wanted a card printer that was faster, more reliable, easier to use and had a great price. We believe that the SD260 printer delivers on all fronts.”
The new Datacard SD260 card printer will be on display in booth 1133, at the American Society for Industrial Security (ASIS) tradeshow, October 12 – 14 in Dallas, Texas.

Synercard partners with Bannerbridge plc to distribute software solutions in the UK and Europe

Synercard, developer of the critically acclaimed Asure ID® suite of photo ID and ID card application control software and member of HID Global, a leading supplier and manufacturer in the access control industry, today announced that it has entered into a partnership with Bannerbridge plc, one of the longest established distributors of ID printers and related products in Europe and the UK.  Bannerbridge supplies ID card printers, CD/DVD duplicators/printers, biometric terminals, consumables, spares and associated services to the UK's highly evolved access control, identification and security industry, as well as to resellers in Europe, Africa and the Middle East.    

This agreement enables Bannerbridge to distribute Synercard's products in the UK and Europe and incorporate them into their smart card and printer solutions.  As a Synercard partner, Bannerbridge can now offer its clients a complete solution to meet their specific needs.  From entry-level to enterprise connected requirements, the company can offer photo ID systems to address basic staff card applications through to integrated smart card solutions

"Synercard's software is very impressive and we are pleased to be able to offer it to our customers," said David Holyfield, Director of Security Products, Bannerbridge.  "The Asure ID suite of photo ID and ID card application software provides several features that were not previously available.  One unique capability is an out-of-the box solution for contactless chip encoding, which no one else has.  This will provide a tremendous advantage to our clients, many of whom want access to an easy-to-use contactless encoding capability without going to a third party supplier.  her ID software providers do not offer this facility on their standard packages."The partnership will increase the availability of Synercard's trusted software solutions in the UK and Europe and will introduce new markets to the company's product portfolio through the Bannerbridge sales and distribution network.  "Bannerbridge's quarter century of experience in the UK and European ID market and well-known leadership and competitive edge makes the company the optimum partner for Synercard's foray into these new territories," said Bruce Bianco, president, Synercard.  "Together, Bannerbridge and Synercard can provide customers with high-quality identity solutions and unsurpassed service."

Since Synercard is a part of HID Global - a company that includes Fargo Electronics, a long-time staple of Bannerbridge's sales - the new partnership will also increase the synergy of the UK system integrator's product offerings.  "Products that come from the same stable are bound to work well together," added Holyfield.  "By providing complimentary solutions to our customers, both Synercard and Bannerbridge have a strong advantage in the highly competitive UK access control, identification and security market."

Office chair choosey chops

If new chairs are to be purchased, be sure to take the time to make an informed decision. The individual(s) who will be using the chair(s) should be involved in the decision process and should be offered some choice. Also, it is important to have a trial period of about one week for any chairs which are being considered. Try the chair at the work station(s) where it would be used if purchased. A chair is an important investment and it should not be selected based on sitting in it for a couple of minutes.


Important Chair Features

• Selecting an office chair may appear to be overwhelming at first since there are many different types and models of chairs available, each having different features and claiming to be "ergonomic". To assist in the selection/assessment process and to help put all of the features in perspective, this section discusses desirable chair features.

• In evaluating the appropriateness of any chair, the single most important consideration is that as long as the individual is comfortable and able to sit and work properly at his/her workstation, the chair is considered "ergonomic" for that individual.

• Chair users need to know what features are present on a chair and how to adjust and use these features to maximize comfort.  If you are not familiar with the features of your chair, take some time to figure out the levers and knobs on your chair.  It is time well spent and you could find yourself sitting much more comfortably.

Features of a Good Chair 1.  Backrest Adjustment
Backrest adjustments can help prevent or alleviate discomfort associated with sitting for extended periods of time.
Features include:

Backrest Height - Allows the user to find the backrest height which provides maximum support for the lumbar portion of the lower back (the inward curved portion). This height will vary from person to person -- for example, a person who is six feet tall would tend to position the backrest higher than a person who is five feet tall. Backrest Tilt (incline/recline)- This feature allows an individual to adopt different postures while still maintaining good support for the lower back - many people find a slight reclining posture is comfortable for longterm sitting and keyboarding. This feature should be adjusted throughout the day.
Horizontal Backrest Movement (i.e. move backrest forward or backward) - This feature is not the same as the tilt feature above. If, for example, the chair user found that the seat pan on the chair is too deep (i.e. there is no space between the back of the knee and the front of the seat pan), then moving the whole backrest forward may help to alleviate discomfort without compromising back support. Conversely, if someone needs an extra deep seatpan, some manufacturers offer a "slider" mechanism to allow the seatpan to move forward (and provide a few extra inches) but maintain back support.

2. Chair Height Adjustment

All office chairs must have height adjustment. The most common height adjustment mechanism is a pneumatic lever that permits the user to readily adjust the height from a sitting position. Older office chairs require the user to place a foot on the base of the chair and spin the seat to raise or lower the height

3. Seat Pan Characteristics

Look for the following characteristics in a chair's seat pan:

Rounded or "Waterfall" Edge at the front of the seat pan - This helps prevent uncomfortable pressure at the back of the legs and behind the knees. Adequate Seat Pan Depth - There should be a space, about the width of a clenched fist, between the back of the knee and the front of the chair. This helps maintain proper circulation for the legs.
Adequate Seat Pan Width - For optimal comfort, the seat should extend at least 1" from the hips, on either side.
Seat Pan Tilt - This allows posture changes and can alleviate pressure on the back of the thighs.
Seat Cushion Padding and Design - Look for minimal contouring and avoid coverings with buttons and prominent seams since these can create uncomfortable, localized pressure points.
Fabric - Look for durable, permeable material that "breathes" and dissipates moisture and heat.

4. Armrests

Armrests should not interfere with the task and should not impede someone trying to get close to the work surface - if a wide range of arm movement is required, armrests are not recommended. Generally, armrests are not needed for "active" keyboarding but armrests can provide support for the arms when performing other tasks such as reading, editing or proofing material on a desk or VDT. If armrests are desired, look for adjustable height, adjustable width, adequate padding and, as mentioned above, the length does not impede the user's approach to the work surface.

5. Stability

For stability and mobility, an office chair should have a five-pronged base with appropriate casters (hard casters for surfaces such as carpeting, soft casters for hard surfaces). Four-pronged chair bases are less stable and prone to tipping backwards or sideways when the user leans back or to the side.

How to Adjust the Chair Correctly

Height Adjustment

• Adjust the height of the office chair such that the feet are able to rest comfortably on the floor and the thighs are roughly horizontal. The angle between the thighs and calves should be greater than 90^o. If the angle is less than 90^o, the user tends to tuck the lower legs and feet back to rest on the chair base and this can impede blood circulation. If the feet cannot rest flat on the floor, a footrest is required.

• If the chair has a pneumatic lever, height adjustment can be done from a seated position. For older-style office chairs, in order to raise or lower the chair height, the user stands in front of the chair and rotates the seat clockwise or counterclockwise. A general rule-of-thumb for finding the appropriate height for an individual's chair is that the height of the seat pan is just below the height of the user's knee-caps.

• Avoid situations where the feet "dangle" as this compresses the tissue on the back of the thighs and behind the knees and can lead to aches and discomfort in the lower legs. There should be a space, about the width of a clenched fist, between the back of the knees and the front of the chair. If not, lower the chair slightly or, if the chair has the ability, tilt the seat pan forward slightly to alleviate the pressure. A footrest may be required. The waterfall edge on most office chairs today also helps prevent uncomfortable pressure behind the knees.

• At the workstation, the chair should be adjusted to accommodate the work surface. For example, if an individual "hunches" or raises the shoulders in order to work at a desk or keyboard, the chair height should be raised, even it means that a footrest is required.

Backrest Adjustment

• Adjust the backrest so that it supports the lumbar area of the lower back (the inward curved portion). This is probably the most important contact point.

• For most situations, but particularly where an individual's job task(s) require extended periods of sitting, the backrest needs to have adjustable height so that the user can get maximum support for the lower back. Some backrests can also be tilted or moved forward or backwards. These features can be especially useful if the seat pan of the chair is a bit deep for the individual using it. For example, moving the backrest forward can provide more space between the front of the chair and the back of the knees and provide support for the lower back at the same time. Do not sit for extended periods of time without back support! Adjust the chair or the workstation instead -- this is the concept of accommodating the person, not the task.

Choosing reception furniture

The reception area of a business is key. It will welcome clients, potential clients, customers and/or the public, and you can control the first impression which you give of your business. It might also be visible to passers-by through windows or a glass door. These people may think of your business one day when they might require your services - but you no doubt want to be thought of for the right reasons. This is why your reception desk welcome area is so important.
Unless you want to make a big statement about how young, fresh or modern your company is, it makes sense to stick to neutral colours for walls. Perhaps use reception furniture in a brighter accent colour, or use artwork to add interest. Whichever colour scheme you and your designer choose, it makes sense to choose colours which aren’t only in fashion, but reflect the image of your business. You might even want to include your corporate logo colours somewhere, even if it’s just in a bouquet of flowers on the reception desk.
The design of your reception area depends a lot on the furniture you choose. Think of stepping into a reception area, what is the first thing you notice? The reception desk is usually the key focal point. Despite this, many businesses put little thought into the design of their reception desk. They often have old, 1990’s style laminate wood affairs, which can date and depress the look of the whole room, even in the most modern of buildings.
But although the reception desk creates a huge impression on people entering the building the first few times, once you have worked at a company for years the biggest piece of furniture can become invisible. This is perhaps why so many businesses greet you with an unwelcoming reception desk. Take a good look at your reception desk...is its design really representative of how you want to portray your company? Nowadays reception desks are available in eye-catching and interesting designs.
There are a huge range of colours and wood veneer finishes, with practical concealed storage space and glass shelves. Contemporary modular units have separate pieces of desk so you can change the look of a room in an instant, relocate the desk easily, or simply buy the desk to make as large or small as you require. Choose a reception desk with a curved design to break up a large room, or linear, straight lines to keep the look really modern. Reception seating is the second most important piece of furniture in your entrance. You want people entering your reception to feel comfortable and welcome, and this is done with reception chairs.
You could choose elegant reception chairs, comfortable sofas or stools for a less formal and more modern sitting area. Good reception seating designers offer reception chairs in a range of coloured fabrics or leather, often with luxurious chrome finishings. Consider choosing really bright reception seating in primary colours if you want to create a fun and energised space. The most important thing to consider with reception seating is to ensure you have enough of it. You never know who might come in, so always order more reception chairs than you think you will need.

Fargo HDP 8500 FAQ

1. What is the FARGO HDP8500 Industrial Card Printer/Encoder?
The FARGO HDP8500 is the fifth generation re-transfer dye-sublimation printer developed by HID Global. It
is specifically built to meet the requirements for high-duty continuous throughput ID issuance; focused on
reliability, system performance and operational convenience.

2. How does the FARGO HDP8500 Industrial Card Printer/Encoder fit within HID’s printer
portfolio?
The FARGO HDP8500 is the first printer within HID’s new Industrial Series, designed for higher duty, higher
volume card issuance. The Industrial Series joins the existing FARGO portfolio that includes the Standard,
Professional and Financial Series products.

3. How will HID Global distribute the FARGO HDP8500 Industrial Card Printer/Encoder?
The HDP8500 will be distributed through a worldwide network of qualified system integrators who have
demonstrated a depth of experience and success in government, service bureau and education markets,
including selling, installing and supporting hardware systems in those applications.
Qualified integrators will be required to sign an Industrial Series Partner Agreement in order to have
access to the product line.

4. What are some of the terms and conditions of the Industrial Series partner agreement?

No Advertised Price Policy (NAPP) – Integrators are prohibited from advertising or publically displaying
pricing for the Industrial Series products.
The partner must successfully complete a Certified HDP8500 Service training event.
The partner must purchase at least one demo printer.
For additional qualification details, please contact your HID Global Sales Manager.

5. Will the FARGO HDP8500 printer replace any current FARGO printers?
No. The HDP8500 is part of a new FARGO Industrial Series. This product is specifically built to meet the
requirements for continuous throughput ID issuance, with a focus on reliability, system performance and
operational convenience. The HDP8500 utilizes High Definition Printing™ (HDP®) technology.

6. What is HDP or retransfer printing technology?
High Definition Printing (HDP) delivers the highest image quality possible for card issuance applications.
This is done by printing the image on the HDP Film rather than directly to the card. This HDP Film is then
fused to the card, which allows the image to fill the entire white space of the card. An additional benefit of
HDP printing is that it inherently provides an extra layer of durability and security since the image on the
underside of the film is fused to the card.

7. How does the HDP8500 differ from the FARGO HDP5000 printer?
The FARGO HDP8500 is a high duty performance ID card issuance solution, geared to produce IDs
continuously throughout long shifts, even in the most demanding environments. Like the HDP5000 printer,
the HDP8500 uses High Definition Print technology to produce crisp, vibrant, secure card images. The
HDP8500 differs from the HDP5000 in several ways; a new range of features enables the HDP8500 to
sustain extended batch print runs and offer optimal reliability and security:
Industry-first 400-card input capacity with dual 200-card input hoppers
 Industry-first multi-station card cleaning rollers
Industry-leading three-year warranty
Faster, more flexible print modes and higher card throughput speeds in the performance print mode
Secure enclosure of ribbon, film, input hopper cards, output hopper cards and rejected cards via
physical locks
Metal printer cabinetry
Secure operator PIN access via the touch screen display lock out or authorize printer operators
Secure data transmission with AES 256 bit encryption
Resin erase feature to eliminate user data from used ribbon spools
HID Global’s Trusted Identity Platform (TIP®) provides security at the point of issuance, allowing secure
print job authorization
Ability to physically secure the printer to a counter or work surface
Lower cost per card with half-panel color ribbon offerings
High durability consumables offerings
Industry-first 3.5” graphical touch screen display for ease of operation
Open, easily accessible card path
Dual-sided printing is standard
Optional ISO card flattening mechanism

8. Do HDP8500 color profiles match HDP5000 color profiles?
Yes.

9. Are HDP8500 ribbon and film materials compatible with the HDP5000 printer?
No. HDP8500 ribbon and film are not compatible with the HDP5000, and will be packaged differently. The
ribbons for the HDP8500 will maintain the same images per roll for the common ribbon configurations.
However, in addition the HDP8500 will include a half-panel ribbon configuration valued by high volume
government projects for lower cost per card. Finally, HDP8500 ribbons will also come with two cleaning
rollers to match the HDP8500 cleaning stations’ configuration.

10. Are HDP8500 overlaminates compatible with existing HDP5000 laminator modules?
Yes. The HDP5000 lamination materials can also be used in the HDP8500 laminators.

11. Can I order standard high security holographic HDP Film for the HDP8500?
Yes. HID’s standard holographic (OVD) HDP Film design is the High Secure Orbit design.

12. What is the minimum order quantity for customized high security holographic HDP Film?
The minimum order quantity is 50 rolls (25,000 images). The lead time for custom holographic HDP Film is
approximately 10 weeks.

13. Does the FARGO SDK support the HDP8500?
Yes. The HDP8500 is supported by the same SDK available for the rest of the FARGO card printer line,
making integration with the most complex systems more convenient.

15. What is the warranty?
Printer: Industry-leading three-year warranty
Printhead: Lifetime, unlimited passes

16. When will the HDP8500 be available?
First commercial shipments are planned for late Q1, 2012.

17. What new features should we be looking for in the HDP8500 within 2012?
Enhanced durability HDP consumables (available Q2, 2012)
Half-panel YMCK ribbon (available Q2, 2012)
Modular/factory-upgradeable laser engraving module (available Q3, 2012)
Multiple language translations – Touch screen user interface and driver (available Q2, 2012)
HID Global TIP/SIO enablement (available Q4, 2012)

18. What are the main advantages of the HDP8500 over competitive reverse transfer printers
such as the DIS XID 9300 or Zebra ZXP8 printers?
Lower cost-per-card with half-panel ribbon offering
Fully field-upgradeable to meet an organization’s changing needs over time
Rugged and durable construction built for high duty cycle throughput
Dual input hoppers with 400-card total capacity
Key security features with physical locks, PIN access, encrypted data, and TIP architecture
Enhanced durability material offerings
Easy-to-use touch screen display
Open, easily accessed card path

19. What are the main advantages of the HDP8500 over competitive direct-to-card printers
such as the Zebra P640i or Datacard SP75 printers?
Full field-upgradeability
Superior, photographic high definition image quality
Higher card durability due to high definition printing process
Additional layer of card security available without requiring a laminator, via HID’s unique holographic
(standard or custom) HDP Film
Dual hopper feature with 400 card total input hopper capacity
Key security features with physical locks, PIN access, encrypted data, and TIP architecture
Easy-to-use touch screen display
Lifetime printhead warranty – a cost savings in thousands of dollars over the life of a printer

20. Will the HDP8500 be FIPS-201 compliant?
Yes. We expect to obtain GSA FIPS-201 APL certification for the Card Printer Station category for the
HDP8500/HDP8500-LC within the second half of 2012.

21. Are the HDP8500 printer options field upgradeable?
Yes. HDP8500 field-upgradeable options are:
Dual-sided simultaneous lamination module
ISO magnetic stripe encoder
Contact smart card encoder (ISO 7816)
Contactless smart card encoder – 13.56 MHz technology such as HID iCLASS® and MIFARE™
DESFire and 125 kHz HID Prox (read-only)
Card flattener
Remote production status andon light

22. What card types does HID recommend for the HDP8500?
The HDP8500 accepts most CR-80 cards, but HID recommends UltraCard® Premium for all HDP card
issuance programs, especially when cards will be laminated.

23. Can the HDP8500 handle multiple card types at once?
Yes. The HDP8500 has dual auto-switching, 200-card input hoppers that snap in and out of the printer
easily. End users may stock two different card types in the two separate input hoppers. Card
cartridges/hoppers not in use can be removed from the printer and stored in a secure location.

24. Does the HDP8500 come with a User’s Guide?
Yes. An electronic User’s Guide is included on each HDP8500 installation CD.

25. What technical support does HID Global offer for the FARGO HDP8500 printer?
HID Global will offer software updates and support material for the HDP8500

26. What items are included with the base-model dual-sided HDP8500 printer?
A convenient quick start guide
Driver installation CD (including Workbench™, FARGO’s software toolkit)
Power supply and cords (US and EU)
Warranty registration card

27. Does the HDP8500 use the same smart card encoders as the HDP5000?
No. HDP8500 and HDP5000 encoding modules are based on similar OMNIKEY® contact and contactless
technology, but the encoding modules are different, and have unique part numbers. The encoding modules
both offer connectivity through a single USB or Ethernet connection to the host.

28. Do I need to purchase different kinds of contact/contactless smart card encoders in order
to encode different kinds of smart cards within one printer?
This depends on the frequency of your contactless cards. HID offers two multifunctional smart card
encoders for the HDP8500: One encoder covers 13.56 MHz technology such as HID iCLASS®,
MIFARE™/DESFire and contact smart card encoding, and the other encoder covers 125 kHz HID Prox
(read-only) and contact smart card encoding. Either option is available for an MSRP of $998 (USD).

29. Does HID Global offer an HDP8500 demo program?
Yes. We have a demonstration unit program for the HDP8500 printers. Please refer to
www.fargopartner.com or speak to your regional sales account manager for detailed information. Qualified
FARGO distributors can receive a 65% discount for up to three demonstration units ordered.

30. How can I learn more about Certified Service Training for the HDP8500?
The training schedule for the HDP8500 will be available at www.fargopartner.com or speak to your regional
sales account manager for detailed information. This training is mandatory to be a Qualified FARGO
HDP8500 distributor.